一、心法以前准备
Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.
继续做外科手心法此以前为了确保疗程份的安全有许多工作要继续做。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要检测并记录生命体征。将任何间歇性告知牙医。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有假体，例如、假肢以及假牙都应该去掉。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.九师可能想让疾患者戴着假牙，所以护士很难咨询九师的建议。3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.
第三，疾患者很难除去指甲油并卸妆。这样不会让牙医较易辨认疗程否患苍白疾。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination苍白疾一般来说表明疾患者能够输氧。还应该去掉发夹等发饰，以免引发病毒。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过排尿或者导尿清空膀胱。膀胱内充满排泄物可能在外科胃中所受损。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，心法以前疾患者需使用灌肠剂清空肠道，小外科手心法除外。这不会消除很多心法后不适症状。还可以消除病毒。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静剂一般来说在疾患者后下入诊疗以前30分钟到一小时内药剂。这可以让每一次后下行地较易一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后应该去声安慰疾患者后下入长时间。诊疗内有时可以必需疾患者的一位罹难者陪伴。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，疾患者的疾历表应该带入诊疗，并且括弧能够完整。前面很难有数所有的抽样和X光检查报告以及一份签名的外科手心法许可等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.过敏原和所需药物，如胰岛素，也应在括弧中所注明。Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.
劳驾，王之护士。我一心去公厕。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你很难去公厕。代为你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在睡觉大便呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.外科手心法最后几天你是不必需下床的。所以你很难学者使用便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我一心必。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候后下诊疗？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.大概八点。我不会在七点叫醒你然后从你的鼻孔中所抽出一根胃管。Could you tell me why?
你能得知我为什么要吊胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.外科做手心法第二、三天我们能够通过胃管给你喂养。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.大概晚上三点。How can my wife know about the operation?我以前妻怎样知晓我外科手心法的后下展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她不会在等候室。外科手心法一结束我们不会正要通报她。He you signed the consent?你在同意新书签字了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。外科手心法以前我应该继续做什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们不会给你剃须继续做消毒。然后你要洗个澡。晚饭你要吃到一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我真的了。外科手心法不会很还好吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，外科胃中所你不不会感受任何肿胀。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.外科做手心法你醒过来的时候就已经在疾房了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你可能倍感有点还好并昏昏沉沉。如果肿胀难忍的话我们不会给你药剂一些缓解肿胀的药物。Thank you.多谢你 二、外科手心法中所Operator, put me through to the operating room please.
话务员，代为表哥我接诊疗。Just a minute. The line is engaged.略显等。迄今为止占线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.诊疗May I speak to the head nurse?能代为医务人员接电话吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?
你好，我是医务人员。有什么可以表哥您？What's going on in the operation room right now?诊疗中所迄今为止是什么情况。I he an emergency case coming in.我正要有一个及时疾例。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天晚上王之牙医的急性阑尾炎外科手心法继续做以前图斯准备。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时以前转给了一个严重肋骨骨折的疗程。他能够第一时间做静脉外科手心法。你们表哥我安排及时外科手心法吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我正要继续做以前图斯准备。一切准备再最后我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。代为得知护士血库不会给我们3或4计量的B型血供外科手心法使用。Anything else?还有其他要交代的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我能够继续做全身，能够一位助手。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我正要通报王之牙医。Thank you.多谢你。You're welcome.不客气。After the operation. 三、心法后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.疾患者还在昏迷状态，多留意到。What kind of surgery has he had?他做了什么外科手心法？A chest operation.静脉外科手心法。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么药物过敏吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶过敏。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?外科手心法中所他失血很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他失血400ml。我们给他输了2计量的红细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他输其他液态了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升含5%的蒸馏水。 四、外科做手心法康复与卫生After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.
外科手心法最后，外科疗程一般来说能够扩大卫生。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其中所有一些主因。当然，也不会有一些常见主因经常出现。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些主因是可以预见到的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.外科手心法最后能够对疗程后下行血流动力学监护。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.疗程的很多症状与基本的临床主因相关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些疗程不会经常出现心法中所溃疡或心法后病毒。It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.
这不会引致外科做手心法疾情回复不安定。因此疗程能够特别保姆。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种情况在急救外科手心法疗程额头较为常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果疗程突然代谢失调，能够将其关入高血压扩大卫生疾房。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及穿透性创伤疾患者还不会经常出现血流动力学不安定。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很可能经常出现急性上皮细胞反应，这是由严重骨质或者软组织丧命致使。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果经常出现低血容量性休克，这表明伤情严重。有时能够对疗程后下行输血来补充其体内血液。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.疗程的生理推移平常也不会能够特别监护。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非创伤性疾疾的急救疾患者的疾症与肠穿孔绝热或肠坏死有关，那么疾患者整个机体可能受其不良影响。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些不良影响不会分别引致各个心脏的系统地上皮细胞反应。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效疗程，疾患者可能经常出现多心脏功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，高血压住院疾房的疾患者大部分是外科外科手心法疾患者。 五、心法后回复Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.
王之牙医，我这里很还好。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你掀开一些止还好药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?直到现在好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水喝到吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.高兴，难道你直到现在不可以喝到水。但是我可以在你的嘴唇上蘸一些水表哥你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?多谢。我什么时候可以喝到水？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.能够等你的肠鸣音和咽反射回复最后才可以喝到。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以吃到东西了吗？I'm afraid you can't.难道不行。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以吃到东西？You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.
外科手心法一天最后你可以吃到一些流食。然后你慢慢可以吃到软食，外科手心法四天最后就可以正常用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无刺激作用或者不不会引致气体产生的液态为主，例如红茶、咖啡、过滤酒类、蔬菜汁和无脂汤。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食有数汤、鱼肉、非奶油料鸭蛋、糕、煎饼、馒头等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我应该消除吃到哪些食物呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.油腻的点心、过多的色拉奶油奶油汁、奶油料酒类、猪肉等。Anything important?还有什么能够特别注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明天你能够继续做一些呼吸练功。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.呼吸练功可以预防呼吸系统心肌梗死。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己继续做练功吗，还是你不会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我不会表哥你，给你图斯一些建议。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你直到现在可以得知我怎样继续做吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。弹出外科手心法切口，深呼吸然后咳嗽。我不会把你的书本消退一些。I see.我真的了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你倍感有什么不适的话代为按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我不会的，多谢你。相关新闻
相关问答
